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001     283029
005     20260105130501.0
024 7 _ |a pmc:PMC12745749
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024 7 _ |a 10.1073/pnas.2505613122
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037 _ _ |a DZNE-2025-01441
041 _ _ |a English
082 _ _ |a 500
100 1 _ |a Reisner, Volker
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245 _ _ |a Locomotion-dependent use of geometric and body cues in humans mapping 3D space.
260 _ _ |a Washington, DC
|c 2025
|b National Acad. of Sciences
336 7 _ |a article
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520 _ _ |a The ability to represent locations across multiple dimensions of space is a core function of cognitive maps. While the influence of boundary-dependent environmental geometry on spatial representations has been extensively studied in 2D spaces, less is known about the role of boundaries for volumetric spatial memory. Research in humans and other animals has demonstrated distinct processing of the vertical and horizontal spatial dimensions, likely related to species-specific modes of locomotion. Here, we investigate whether different locomotion modes, flying and walking, affect the use of vertical boundaries, leading to possibly distinct volumetric representations. In a Virtual Reality experiment, human participants memorized objects within a symmetric 3D enclosure, and then were asked to replace them in either the familiar or geometrically deformed environments. We found that the flying group exhibited lower vertical than horizontal spatial memory precision, whereas the walking group showed the opposite pattern, an effect related to using their body axis as a vertical 'ruler'. Within deformed environments, object replacements in the flying group followed the predictions from a 3D-extended boundary-vector-cell-like computational model of spatial mapping that treated all boundaries equally, whereas those in the walking condition favored a modified model that prioritized the ground boundary. Our findings suggest that gravity-related movement constraints promote different utilization of geometric and body-related cues, resulting in flexible representations of volumetric space.
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650 _ 7 |a 3D space
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a cognitive map
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a environmental geometry
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a spatial memory
|2 Other
650 _ 7 |a virtual reality
|2 Other
650 _ 2 |a Humans
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Cues
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Male
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Locomotion: physiology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Female
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Adult
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Space Perception: physiology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Virtual Reality
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Walking: physiology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Spatial Memory: physiology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Young Adult
|2 MeSH
700 1 _ |a Schäfer, Theo A J
|b 1
700 1 _ |a König, Leonard
|b 2
700 1 _ |a Kim, Misun
|b 3
700 1 _ |a Doeller, Christian F
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773 _ _ |a 10.1073/pnas.2505613122
|g Vol. 122, no. 51, p. e2505613122
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|t Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|v 122
|y 2025
|x 0027-8424
856 4 _ |y OpenAccess
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910 1 _ |a Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen
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