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@MISC{Strbing:283033,
      author       = {Strübing, Felix and Paeger, Lars and Klaus, Carolin and
                      Herms, Jochen},
      title        = {{L}ocus {C}oeruleus noradrenergic axon loss drives
                      olfactory dysfunction in {A}lzheimer's disease},
      publisher    = {Gene Expression Omnibus},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-01445},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Alzheimer's disease (AD) often begins with non-cognitive
                      symptoms such as olfactory deficits, which can predict later
                      cognitive decline, though the mechanisms remain unclear.
                      Pathologically, the brainstem locus coeruleus (LC), the main
                      source of the neurotransmitter noradrenalin (NA) modulating
                      olfactory information processing is affected ealy. Here we
                      show early and distinct loss of noradrenergic input to the
                      olfactory bulb (OB) coinciding with impaired olfaction in an
                      AD mouse model, before appearance of amyloid plaques.
                      Mechanistically, OB microglia recognize and phagocytose LC
                      axons. Reducing phagocytosis genetically preserves LC axons
                      and olfaction. Importantly, patients with prodromal AD
                      display elevated TSPO-PET signals in the OB, similarly to
                      AppNL-G-F mice. We further confirm early LC axon
                      degeneration in post-mortem OBs in patients with early AD.
                      Our findings reveal a mechanism linking early LC damage to
                      hyposmia in AD, suggesting olfactory testing and
                      neurocircuit imaging for early diagnosis and enable timely
                      therapeutic intervention for Alzheimer's disease.},
      cin          = {AG Herms},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1110001},
      pnm          = {352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-352},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)32},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/283033},
}