% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@INPROCEEDINGS{Boscheck:283053,
      author       = {Boscheck, Hanna and Liebscher, Maxie and Delia, Ylenia and
                      Mauer, René and Peters, Oliver and Priller, Josef and
                      Schneider, Anja and Wiltfang, Jens and Buerger, Katharina
                      and Perneczky, Robert and Teipel, Stefan and Laske,
                      Christoph and Spottke, Annika and Brosseron, Frederic and
                      Yakupov, Renat and Ziegler, Gabriel and Kleineidam, Luca and
                      Jessen, Frank and Düzel, Emrah and Wagner, Michael and
                      Roeske, Sandra and Marchant, Natalie L and Gloeckner, Franka
                      and Klimecki-Lenz, Olga Maria and Wirth, Miranka},
      collaboration = {group, DELCODE study},
      title        = {{A}ssociations of cognitive debt and cognitive reserve with
                      mixed brain pathology and cognition},
      journal      = {Alzheimer's and dementia},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {Suppl 2},
      issn         = {1552-5260},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-01460},
      pages        = {e102595},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Behavioral risk or protective factors related to 'cognitive
                      debt' and 'cognitive reserve' may influence brain pathology
                      and cognition and thereby contribute to resilience in aging.
                      This cross-sectional study examined direct and indirect
                      associations of cognitive debt (risk factor) and cognitive
                      reserve (protective factor) with mixed brain pathologies and
                      cognition in older adults.A sample of N = 298 non-demented
                      older adults (mean age=70 years, $56\%$ male) from the
                      DELCODE study (DRKS00007966) were analyzed using structural
                      equation modeling (SEM) and an a-priori path model. We
                      assessed the association between cognitive debt and
                      cognitive reserve (modelled as latent constructs) and global
                      cognition (Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite 5
                      [PACC5] modelled as latent construct) through pathological
                      pathways involving beta-amyloid (Aß) burden, hippocampal
                      neurodegeneration, and white matter hyperintensities (WMH)
                      in the corpus callosum splenium (CCs), while adjusting for
                      age. A goodness-of-fit analysis ensured adequate model
                      fit.Brain pathology was associated with lower PACC5
                      performance via direct pathways (for WMH in the CCs and
                      hippocampal neurodegeneration) and indirect pathways (for
                      Aß deposition via hippocampal neurodegeneration) (all p <
                      .05). Cognitive debt and cognitive reserve were not
                      significantly associated with brain pathology (all p > .05).
                      Cognitive reserve, but not cognitive debt, was independently
                      associated with better PACC5 performance (p = .005).
                      Cognitive debt and cognitive reserve were associated at
                      trend level (p = .068). Results are displayed in Figure
                      1.Brain pathologies were linked to lower cognitive
                      performance. Cognitive reserve, but not cognitive debt, was
                      independently associated with better cognitive performance
                      (1). There were no significant associations of cognitive
                      debt and cognitive reserve with brain pathologies. The
                      findings suggest that cognitive reserve may influence
                      resilience through mechanisms independent of brain pathology
                      (2). Future longitudinal studies are needed to investigate
                      these pathways and clarify causal relationships. References
                      1. Vemuri P, Weigand SD, Przybelski SA, Knopman DS, Smith
                      GE, Trojanowski JQ, et al. Cognitive reserve and Alzheimer's
                      disease biomarkers are independent determinants of
                      cognition. Brain. 2011;134(Pt 5):1479-92. 2. Vemuri P,
                      Lesnick TG, Przybelski SA, Knopman DS, Roberts RO, Lowe VJ,
                      et al. Effect of lifestyle activities on Alzheimer disease
                      biomarkers and cognition. Ann Neurol. 2012;72(5):730-8.},
      month         = {Jul},
      date          = {2025-07-27},
      organization  = {Alzheimer’s Association
                       International Conference, Toronto
                       (Canada), 27 Jul 2025 - 31 Jul 2025},
      keywords     = {Humans / Male / Aged / Female / Cross-Sectional Studies /
                      Biomarkers / Cognitive Reserve: physiology / Brain:
                      pathology / Amyloid beta-Peptides: metabolism /
                      Neuropsychological Tests / Magnetic Resonance Imaging /
                      Alzheimer Disease / White Matter: pathology / Hippocampus:
                      pathology / Aged, 80 and over / Biomarkers (NLM Chemicals) /
                      Amyloid beta-Peptides (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Wirth / AG Peters / AG Priller / AG Wiltfang / Clinical
                      Research (Munich) / AG Dichgans / AG Teipel / AG Gasser / AG
                      Spottke / AG Heneka / AG Düzel / AG Jessen / AG Wagner},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1710011 / I:(DE-2719)5000000 /
                      I:(DE-2719)5000007 / I:(DE-2719)1410006 / I:(DE-2719)1111015
                      / I:(DE-2719)5000022 / I:(DE-2719)1510100 /
                      I:(DE-2719)1210000 / I:(DE-2719)1011103 / I:(DE-2719)1011303
                      / I:(DE-2719)5000006 / I:(DE-2719)1011102 /
                      I:(DE-2719)1011201},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-2719)DELCODE-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)1 / PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41450093},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12741494},
      doi          = {10.1002/alz70856_102595},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/283053},
}