% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Hegelmaier:283142,
      author       = {Hegelmaier, Tobias and Duscha, Alexander and Desel,
                      Christiane and Fuchs, Sabrina and Shapira, Michal and
                      Amidror, Sivan and Shan, Qihao and Stangl, Gabriele I and
                      Hirche, Frank and Kempa, Stefan and Maifeld, András and
                      Würtele, Lisa-Marie and Peplinski, Jana and Jauk, Diana and
                      Naim, Gitali and Shidlovsky, Nuphar and Cohen, Adva and
                      Bennet, Yifat and Paschold, Lisa and Dumitru, Claudia A and
                      Obermüller-Jevic, Ute and Hustvedt, Svein-Olaf and
                      Timmesfeld, Nina and Gold, Ralf and Zapf, Antonia and
                      Binder, Mascha and Sandalcioglu, Ibrahim E and Mostaghim,
                      Sanaz and Przuntek, Horst and Segal, Eran and Yissachar,
                      Nissan and Haghikia, Aiden},
      title        = {{S}upplementation with short-chain fatty acids and a
                      prebiotic improves clinical outcome in {P}arkinson's
                      disease: a randomized double-blind prospective study.},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {16},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2026-00038},
      pages        = {315},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Parkinson's disease is associated with a dysbiotic,
                      proinflammatory gut microbiome, disruptions to intestinal
                      barrier functions, and immunological imbalance.
                      Microbiota-produced short-chain fatty acids, such as
                      propionic and butyric acid promote gut barrier integrity and
                      immune regulation, but their impact on Parkinson's disease
                      pathology remains mostly unknown.In a randomized
                      double-blind prospective study, 72 people with Parkinson's
                      disease received propionic and butyric acid and/or the
                      prebiotic fiber 2'-fucosyllactose supplementation over 6
                      months in combination with existing Parkinson's
                      disease-specific therapy. Patients underwent complete
                      neurological assessment and provided blood and stool samples
                      before as well as 3 and 6 months after supplementation.We
                      observed a robust improvement in motor symptoms, with all
                      intervention groups achieving clinically meaningful
                      reductions. These motor benefits were paralleled by
                      clinically relevant reductions in levodopa medication. In
                      contrast, effects on nonmotor symptoms were more
                      heterogeneous. Notably, the interventions also modulated
                      peripheral immune responses and enhanced mitochondrial
                      respiration in immunocytes. Postintervention microbiota
                      remodeled inflammatory and barrier-related gene sets in gut
                      organ cultures and improved in vitro barrier functions.
                      Treatment response was associated with microbiome
                      composition, distinct patterns of colonic transcription and
                      permeability ex vivo. Multiobjective analysis revealed
                      immune parameters associated with an optimal response to
                      supplementation.Short-chain fatty acids ameliorate clinical
                      symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients and modulate
                      intestinal and peripheral immunity.This clinical trial was
                      retrospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials
                      Register (DRKS), registration number DRKS00027061 on
                      11/19/2021.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Parkinson Disease: microbiology / Parkinson
                      Disease: diet therapy / Parkinson Disease: drug therapy /
                      Prebiotics: administration $\&$ dosage / Male / Double-Blind
                      Method / Female / Fatty Acids, Volatile: administration $\&$
                      dosage / Gastrointestinal Microbiome: drug effects / Aged /
                      Middle Aged / Dietary Supplements / Prospective Studies /
                      Treatment Outcome / Clinical improvement (Other) / Gut
                      microbiome (Other) / Immunomodulation (Other) /
                      Neurodegeneration (Other) / Neuroinflammation (Other) /
                      Parkinson’s disease (Other) / Short chain fatty acids
                      (Other) / Prebiotics (NLM Chemicals) / Fatty Acids, Volatile
                      (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Düzel},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000006},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41350593},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12770440},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-025-29692-x},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/283142},
}