000283219 001__ 283219 000283219 005__ 20260116093029.0 000283219 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1007/s00117-025-01541-y 000283219 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:41348123 000283219 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a2731-7048 000283219 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0033-832X 000283219 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1432-2102 000283219 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a2731-7056 000283219 037__ $$aDZNE-2026-00068 000283219 041__ $$aGerman 000283219 082__ $$a610 000283219 1001_ $$aNeumann, Timotheus Josef$$b0 000283219 245__ $$aBildgebung neurologischer Nebenwirkungen unter Immuntherapien : Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren und CAR-T-Zellen | Imaging of neurological adverse events associated with immunotherapies : Immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cells 000283219 260__ $$a[Berlin]$$bSpringer Medizin Verlag GmbH$$c2026 000283219 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000283219 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000283219 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1768552061_4733$$xReview Article 000283219 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000283219 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000283219 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000283219 520__ $$aImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor T‑cell (CAR-T) therapies have fundamentally transformed oncology. With their increasing use, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have gained attention, including those affecting the nervous system.To describe the clinical and imaging characteristics of neurological immune-related adverse events (NirAEs) under ICI and CAR‑T therapy, as well as their differential diagnostic and therapeutic implications.Review of current literature on the incidence, clinical spectrum, and imaging features of NirAEs.NirAEs occur in approximately 1-6% of patients treated with ICIs. Common manifestations include myositis, myasthenic syndromes, peripheral neuropathies, and various forms of encephalitis, which may differ clinically and radiologically from their idiopathic or paraneoplastic counterparts. Under CAR‑T therapy, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) represents the most frequent neurotoxic complication and affects about 30% of patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice but often reveals nonspecific or initially unremarkable findings. A pretherapeutic baseline MRI and close imaging follow-up improve diagnostic interpretation and prognostic assessment. Findings must always be interpreted within the clinical context and through interdisciplinary collaboration.NirAEs are rare but potentially life-threatening. Due to unspecific imaging findings and overlapping differential diagnoses, close interdisciplinary cooperation between radiology, neurology, and oncology is essential. Early recognition and imaging follow-up are key to improving prognosis and survival. 000283219 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353$$a353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)$$cPOF4-353$$fPOF IV$$x0 000283219 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, PubMed, , Journals: pub.dzne.de 000283219 650_7 $$2Other$$aCentral and peripheral nervous system 000283219 650_7 $$2Other$$aICANS (immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome) 000283219 650_7 $$2Other$$aMagnetic resonance imaging 000283219 650_7 $$2Other$$aNeuroradiological diagnostics 000283219 650_7 $$2Other$$aNeurotoxicity under immunotherapy 000283219 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors 000283219 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aReceptors, Chimeric Antigen 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors: adverse effects 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors: therapeutic use 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmunotherapy, Adoptive: adverse effects 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMagnetic Resonance Imaging: methods 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNeurotoxicity Syndromes: diagnostic imaging 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNeurotoxicity Syndromes: etiology 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aImmunotherapy: adverse effects 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNervous System Diseases: diagnostic imaging 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNervous System Diseases: chemically induced 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDiagnosis, Differential 000283219 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aReceptors, Chimeric Antigen 000283219 7001_ $$aBaz, Anna Magdalena$$b1 000283219 7001_ $$aSchmidt, Elena Nicola Charlotte$$b2 000283219 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003165$$aBendella, Zeynep$$b3$$udzne 000283219 7001_ $$aClauberg, Ralf$$b4 000283219 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9001861$$aRadbruch, Alexander$$b5$$udzne 000283219 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003515$$aPröbstel, Anne-Katrin$$b6$$udzne 000283219 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003766$$aBischof, Antje$$b7$$udzne 000283219 7001_ $$aMöhn, Nora$$b8 000283219 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003380$$aWichtmann, Barbara Daria$$b9$$eLast author$$udzne 000283219 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)3120921-X$$a10.1007/s00117-025-01541-y$$gVol. 66, no. 1, p. 59 - 66$$n1$$p59 - 66$$tDie Radiologie$$v66$$x2731-7048$$y2026 000283219 8564_ $$uhttps://pub.dzne.de/record/283219/files/DZNE-2026-00068_Restricted.pdf 000283219 8564_ $$uhttps://pub.dzne.de/record/283219/files/DZNE-2026-00068_Restricted.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa 000283219 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588)1065079516$$6P:(DE-2719)9003165$$aDeutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen$$b3$$kDZNE 000283219 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588)1065079516$$6P:(DE-2719)9001861$$aDeutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen$$b5$$kDZNE 000283219 9101_ $$0I:(DE-HGF)0$$6P:(DE-2719)9003515$$aExternal Institute$$b6$$kExtern 000283219 9101_ $$0I:(DE-HGF)0$$6P:(DE-2719)9003766$$aExternal Institute$$b7$$kExtern 000283219 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588)1065079516$$6P:(DE-2719)9003380$$aDeutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen$$b9$$kDZNE 000283219 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF4-350$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF4-300$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF4$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bGesundheit$$lNeurodegenerative Diseases$$vClinical and Health Care Research$$x0 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)3002$$2StatID$$aDEAL Springer$$d2024-12-18$$wger 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)3002$$2StatID$$aDEAL Springer$$d2024-12-18$$wger 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bClarivate Analytics Master Journal List$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0160$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEssential Science Indicators$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1110$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bCurrent Contents - Clinical Medicine$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0113$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bRADIOLOGIE : 2022$$d2024-12-18 000283219 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9900$$2StatID$$aIF < 5$$d2024-12-18 000283219 9201_ $$0I:(DE-2719)5000075$$kAG Radbruch$$lClinical Neuroimaging$$x0 000283219 980__ $$ajournal 000283219 980__ $$aEDITORS 000283219 980__ $$aVDBINPRINT 000283219 980__ $$aI:(DE-2719)5000075 000283219 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED