%0 Journal Article
%A Völker, Maja P
%A Callies, Carolin M
%A Frank, Josef
%A Foo, Jerome C
%A Reinhard, Iris
%A Zillich, Lea
%A Klinger-König, Johanna
%A Grabe, Hans
%A Beule, Achim G
%A Erhardt-Lehmann, Angelika
%A Pabst, Alexander
%A Riedel-Heller, Steffi G
%A Baune, Bernhard T
%A Trenkwalder, Claudia
%A Wagner, Michael
%A Krist, Lilian
%A Keil, Thomas
%A Pischon, Tobias
%A Nimptsch, Katharina
%A Schulze, Matthias B
%A Schmidt, Börge
%A Mikolajczyk, Rafael
%A Obi, Nadia
%A Harth, Volker
%A Klett-Tammen, Carolina J
%A Becher, Heiko
%A Greiser, Karin H
%A Karch, André
%A Schipf, Sabine
%A Meinke-Franze, Claudia
%A Bohmann, Patricia
%A Leitzmann, Michael
%A Brenner, Hermann
%A Mons, Ute
%A Schwarz, Emanuel
%A Berger, Klaus
%A Mata, Jutta
%A Witt, Stephanie H
%A Streit, Fabian
%T From cigarettes to symptoms: the association between smoking and depression in the German National Cohort (NAKO).
%J BMC public health
%V 26
%N 1
%@ 1471-2458
%C London
%I BioMed Central
%M DZNE-2026-00109
%P 301
%D 2025
%X Although the association between smoking and depression is well-established, the underlying mechanisms and contextual factors remain insufficiently understood. We examined the association between smoking and depression, including detailed dose-response and timing-related relationships, using baseline data from a large population-based cohort, the German National Cohort (NAKO).The analysis comprised 173,890 participants (19-72 years, 50.21
%K Humans
%K Female
%K Male
%K Adult
%K Germany: epidemiology
%K Middle Aged
%K Aged
%K Smoking: epidemiology
%K Smoking: psychology
%K Depression: epidemiology
%K Cohort Studies
%K Young Adult
%K Prevalence
%K Age of onset (Other)
%K Cigarette smoking (Other)
%K Depressive disorder (Other)
%K Smoking cessation (Other)
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)16
%9 Journal Article
%$ pmid:41413802
%2 pmc:PMC12831396
%R 10.1186/s12889-025-25959-0
%U https://pub.dzne.de/record/284334