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@ARTICLE{Sill:285055,
      author       = {Sill, Martin and Schrimpf, Daniel and Patel, Areeba and
                      Sturm, Dominik and Jäger, Natalie and Sievers, Philipp and
                      Schweizer, Leonille and Banan, Rouzbeh and Reuss, David and
                      Suwala, Abigail and Korshunov, Andrey and Stichel, Damian
                      and Wefers, Annika K and Hau, Ann-Christin and Boldt,
                      Henning and Harter, Patrick N and Abdullaev, Zied and
                      Benhamida, Jamal and Teichmann, Daniel and Koch, Arend and
                      Hench, Jürgen and Frank, Stephan and Hasselblatt, Martin
                      and Mansouri, Sheila and Díaz de Ståhl, Theresita and
                      Serrano, Jonathan and Ecker, Jonas and Selt, Florian and
                      Taylor, Michael and Ramaswamy, Vijay and Cavalli, Florence
                      and Berghoff, Anna S and Bison, Brigitte and
                      Blattner-Johnson, Mirjam and Buchhalter, Ivo and Buslei,
                      Rolf and Calaminus, Gabriele and Dikow, Nicola and Dohmen,
                      Hildegard and Euskirchen, Philipp and Fleischhack, Gudrun
                      and Gajjar, Amar and Gerber, Nicolas U and Gessi, Marco and
                      Gielen, Gerrit H and Gnekow, Astrid and Gottardo, Nicholas G
                      and Haberler, Christine and Hamelmann, Stefan and Hans,
                      Volkmar and Hansford, Jordan R and Hartmann, Christian and
                      Heppner, Frank L and Driever, Pablo Hernaiz and von Hoff,
                      Katja and Thomale, Ulrich W and Tippelt, Stephan and
                      Frühwald, Michael C and Kramm, Christof M and Schüller,
                      Ulrich and Schittenhelm, Jens and Schuhmann, Martin U and
                      Stein, Marco and Ketteler, Petra and Ladanyi, Marc and
                      Jabado, Nada and Jones, Barbara C and Jones, Chris and
                      Karajannis, Matthias A and Ketter, Ralf and Kohlhof,
                      Patricia and Kordes, Uwe and Reinhardt, Annekathrin and
                      Kölsche, Christian and Lamszus, Katrin and Lichter, Peter
                      and Maas, Sybren L N and Mawrin, Christian and Milde, Till
                      and Mittelbronn, Michel and Monoranu, Camelia-Maria and
                      Mueller, Wolf and Mynarek, Martin and Northcott, Paul A and
                      Pajtler, Kristian W and Paulus, Werner and Perry, Arie and
                      Blümcke, Ingmar and Plate, Karl H and Platten, Michael and
                      Preusser, Matthias and Pietsch, Torsten and Prinz, Marco and
                      Reifenberger, Guido and Kristensen, Bjarne W and Kool,
                      Marcel and Hovestadt, Volker and Ellison, David W and
                      Jacques, Thomas S and Varlet, Pascale and Etminan, Nima and
                      Acker, Till and Weller, Michael and White, Christine L and
                      Witt, Olaf and Herold-Mende, Christel and Debus, Jürgen and
                      Krieg, Sandro and Wick, Wolfgang and Snuderl, Matija and
                      Aldape, Ken and Brandner, Sebastian and Hawkins, Cynthia and
                      Horbinski, Craig and Thomas, Christian and Wesseling, Pieter
                      and von Deimling, Andreas and Capper, David and Pfister,
                      Stefan M and Jones, David T W and Sahm, Felix},
      title        = {{A}dvancing {CNS} tumor diagnostics with expanded {DNA}
                      methylation-based classification.},
      journal      = {Cancer cell},
      volume       = {Advance online publication},
      issn         = {1535-6108},
      address      = {Cambridge, Mass.},
      publisher    = {Cell Press},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2026-00179},
      pages        = {-},
      year         = {2026},
      abstract     = {DNA methylation-based classification is now central to
                      contemporary neuro-oncology, as highlighted by the World
                      Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous
                      system (CNS) tumors. We present the Heidelberg CNS Tumor
                      Methylation Classifier version 12.8 (v12.8), trained on
                      7,495 methylation profiles, which expands recognized
                      entities from 91 classes in version 11 (v11) to 184
                      subclasses. This expansion is a result of newly identified
                      tumor types discovered through our large online repository
                      and global collaborations, underscoring CNS tumor
                      heterogeneity. The random forest-based classifier achieves
                      $95\%$ subclass-level accuracy, with its well-calibrated
                      probabilistic scores providing a reliable measure of
                      confidence for each classification. Its hierarchical output
                      structure enables interpretation across subclass, class,
                      family, and superfamily levels, thereby supporting clinical
                      decisions at multiple granularities. Comparative analyses
                      demonstrate that v12.8 surpasses previous versions and
                      conventional WHO-based approaches. These advances highlight
                      the improved precision and practical utility of the updated
                      classifier in personalized neuro-oncology.},
      keywords     = {CNS tumors (Other) / DNA methylation (Other) / MLOps
                      (Other) / artificial intelligence (Other) / classification
                      (Other) / epigenetics (Other) / machine learning (Other) /
                      molecular diagnostics (Other) / precision medicine (Other) /
                      tumor heterogeneity (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Heppner},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1810007},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41349541},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ccell.2025.11.002},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/285055},
}