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@ARTICLE{TodaRobert:285210,
      author       = {Toda Robert, Aiko and McQuade, Amanda and Koppes-den
                      Hertog, Sascha J and Erlebach, Lena and Kronenberg-Versteeg,
                      Deborah and Kampmann, Martin and Giera, Martin and van der
                      Kant, Rik},
      title        = {{C}omparative lipidomics of i{PSC}-derived microglia
                      protocols reveal lipid droplet and immune differences
                      mediated by media composition.},
      journal      = {Stem cell reports},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {2213-6711},
      address      = {Maryland Heights, MO},
      publisher    = {Cell Press},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2026-00189},
      pages        = {102779},
      year         = {2026},
      abstract     = {Altered microglial lipid metabolism is heavily implicated
                      in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging. Recently, protocols
                      were developed to generate human induced pluripotent stem
                      cell-derived microglia-like cells (iMGL) to study microglial
                      function in vitro, including embryoid body-based methods and
                      induced transcription factor (iTF)-dependent approaches.
                      Here, we performed comparative lipidomics on iMGL from these
                      methods and report major differences in multiple lipid
                      classes, including triglycerides (TGs), a storage form of
                      fatty acids implicated in microglial reactivity. TGs are
                      strongly increased in iTF microglia due to the absence of a
                      media supplement (B-27). Supplementing iTF microglia with
                      B-27, or its component L-carnitine, reduces TGs and promotes
                      a homeostatic state. B-27 also renders iTF microglia
                      metabolically responsive to immune stimuli. Overall, our
                      data show that iMGL differentiation methods have a major
                      impact on microglial lipidomes and warrant attention when
                      studying AD and neuroinflammatory processes involving
                      lipids.},
      keywords     = {Microglia: metabolism / Microglia: cytology / Microglia:
                      drug effects / Microglia: immunology / Induced Pluripotent
                      Stem Cells: cytology / Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells:
                      metabolism / Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: drug effects /
                      Humans / Lipidomics: methods / Lipid Droplets: metabolism /
                      Culture Media: chemistry / Culture Media: pharmacology /
                      Cell Differentiation: drug effects / Lipid Metabolism /
                      Triglycerides: metabolism / Cells, Cultured / iPSC (Other) /
                      lipid droplet (Other) / lipid metabolism (Other) /
                      lipidomics (Other) / microglia (Other) / neuroinflammation
                      (Other) / triglycerides (Other) / Culture Media (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Triglycerides (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Jucker / AG Kronenberg-Versteeg},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1210001 / I:(DE-2719)1210015},
      pnm          = {352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352) / 351 - Brain Function
                      (POF4-351)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-352 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-351},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41512865},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.stemcr.2025.102779},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/285210},
}