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@ARTICLE{Bahners:285250,
      author       = {Bahners, Bahne H and Lofredi, Roxanne and Voss, Hannah and
                      de Almeida Marcelino, Ana Luísa and Goede, Lukas L and
                      Feldmann, Lucia K and Schnitzler, Alfons and Sander, Tilmann
                      H and Florin, Esther and Kühn, Andrea A},
      title        = {{S}patial signature of low-frequency network changes
                      accounts for pallidal stimulation outcome in cervical
                      dystonia.},
      journal      = {EBioMedicine},
      volume       = {124},
      issn         = {2352-3964},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2026-00192},
      pages        = {106140},
      year         = {2026},
      abstract     = {Pallidal deep brain stimulation (DBS) has remarkable
                      effects in patients with cervical dystonia. Yet, its
                      neurophysiological mechanisms are not fully resolved to
                      date. Converging evidence suggests that pallidal DBS
                      modulates sensorimotor and cerebellar network activity in
                      dystonia, possibly by disrupting pathologically enhanced
                      low-frequency oscillations in the basal ganglia. Still,
                      anatomical and electrophysiological findings have rarely
                      been linked, and it is unclear whether oscillatory changes
                      occur in the same network identified in neuroimaging
                      studies.In this cross-sectional study, we investigate the
                      effects of pallidal DBS in patients with cervical dystonia
                      using magnetoencephalography recordings on and off
                      stimulation. We correlated DBS outcomes to the whole-cortex
                      pattern of DBS-induced power changes in each cortical
                      vertex.This analysis revealed a distinct low-frequency
                      electrophysiological signature that accounted for
                      significant amounts of variance in DBS improvements across
                      the cohort. The signature was characterised by negative
                      peaks within the supplementary motor area and the motor
                      cortex as well as positive peaks in prefrontal and
                      cerebellar areas.Our study sheds light on the cortical and
                      cerebellar effects of pallidal DBS on a whole-cortex level
                      and puts emphasis on low-frequency power modulation as a
                      mechanism of effective stimulation beyond the basal ganglia
                      in patients with cervical dystonia. Our findings might
                      inform DBS programming and targeting as well as non-invasive
                      stimulation strategies in the future.Deutsche
                      Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research
                      Foundation)-Project-ID 424778381-TRR 295.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Torticollis: therapy / Torticollis:
                      physiopathology / Torticollis: diagnosis / Torticollis:
                      etiology / Deep Brain Stimulation: methods / Male / Female /
                      Globus Pallidus: physiopathology / Middle Aged /
                      Magnetoencephalography / Adult / Treatment Outcome /
                      Cross-Sectional Studies / Aged / Brain Mapping / Biomarker
                      (Other) / Electrophysiology effect mapping (Other) / Globus
                      pallidus internus (Other) / Magnetoencephalography (Other) /
                      Network mapping (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Kühn},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000008},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41611586},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12905622},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106140},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/285250},
}