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000285255 1001_ $$aStolp, Laura$$b0
000285255 245__ $$aInformational complexity as a neural marker of cognitive reserve.
000285255 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier$$c2026
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000285255 520__ $$aIn Alzheimer's disease (AD), a mismatch between neurological damage and cognitive functioning often is attributed to individual differences in cognitive reserve. Understanding the neural mechanisms of cognitive reserve, which may differ across individuals, could help to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of interventions in AD. Here, 38 elderly participants performed a sustained attention task during high-density EEG while alert and drowsy. We defined cognitive reserve operationally as the ability to maintain task performance under drowsiness, with less impairment indicating higher reserve. Investigating performance variations during the active management of neural challenges offers a novel approach to studying cognitive reserve, capturing dynamics that mirror everyday cognitive demand. We relate performance under neural strain to various measures, including informational complexity using the Lempel-Ziv (LZsum) algorithm. We found a significant interaction between arousal and performance: LZsum values increased in high performers when drowsy but decreased in low performers. This effect was most pronounced in the frontal and central areas. These findings suggest LZsum reflects a compensatory mechanism and has potential as a neural marker of cognitive reserve. Additional structural MRI and network analyses revealed performance-related associations in entorhinal cortex, supramarginal gyrus, and frontoparietal networks, suggesting broader neural correlates of compensatory capacity.
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000285255 650_7 $$2Other$$aAlzheimer’s Disease
000285255 650_7 $$2Other$$aCognitive reserve
000285255 650_7 $$2Other$$aEEG Experiment
000285255 650_7 $$2Other$$aInformational complexity
000285255 650_7 $$2Other$$aNeural Marker
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Reserve: physiology
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aElectroencephalography
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAttention: physiology
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMagnetic Resonance Imaging
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged, 80 and over
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBrain: physiology
000285255 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBrain: diagnostic imaging
000285255 7001_ $$aMandke, Kanad N$$b1
000285255 7001_ $$aMediano, Pedro Am$$b2
000285255 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9002125$$aGellersen, Helena M$$b3$$udzne
000285255 7001_ $$aSwartz, Alex$$b4
000285255 7001_ $$aRudzka, Katarzyna$$b5
000285255 7001_ $$aSimons, Jon$$b6
000285255 7001_ $$aBekinschtein, Tristan A$$b7
000285255 7001_ $$aBor, Daniel$$b8
000285255 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1462261-0$$a10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106392$$gVol. 193, p. 106392 -$$p106392$$tBrain and cognition$$v193$$x0278-2626$$y2026
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