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000285260 1001_ $$aMcMaster, Jessica M V$$b0
000285260 245__ $$aThe impact of lifestyle restrictions on memory in older adults.
000285260 260__ $$aSan Francisco, California, US$$bPLOS$$c2026
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000285260 520__ $$aEngagement in a variety of lifestyle activities, such as intellectual stimulation, social interaction, and physical exercise, is thought to be a key contributor to cognitive reserve, helping the brain compensate for age-related or pathological changes. An open question is whether restrictions on lifestyle activities, even if relatively brief, might have detrimental effects on cognition. The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented restrictions on the kinds of lifestyle activities that have been shown to be protective against age-related cognitive decline. In the present study, we captured changes in lifestyle and memory of older adults across the pandemic. Long-term memory was assessed using a task which allows for the estimation of both retrieval success and memory precision, the latter being particularly sensitive to age-related changes. Memory was assessed before the pandemic in person, and during the pandemic using an online version of the task. Experiment 1 first verified that younger adults' performance did not significantly differ between testing environments, validating pre- and post-pandemic comparison in older adults. Experiment 2 then demonstrated that while substantial declines in lifestyle engagement were observed during the pandemic in older adults, there was no significant correlation between these lifestyle changes and memory performance overall. However, when modelling retrieval success, lifestyle effects varied with dementia risk, consistent with cognitive reserve theory, as well as varying with depression. These findings highlight how different memory features are impacted by factors such as lifestyle, and support the proposal that heightened dementia risk may increase susceptibility to the impact of lifestyle changes.
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000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19: epidemiology
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCOVID-19: psychology
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aLife Style
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMiddle Aged
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCognitive Reserve: physiology
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged, 80 and over
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSARS-CoV-2
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdult
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aExercise
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aYoung Adult
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMemory
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPandemics
000285260 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMemory, Long-Term: physiology
000285260 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9002125$$aGellersen, Helena M$$b1$$udzne
000285260 7001_ $$aKorkki, Saana M$$b2
000285260 7001_ $$00000-0002-7508-9084$$aSimons, Jon S$$b3
000285260 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2267670-3$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0342458$$gVol. 21, no. 2, p. e0342458 -$$n2$$pe0342458$$tPLOS ONE$$v21$$x1932-6203$$y2026
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