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@ARTICLE{McMaster:285260,
      author       = {McMaster, Jessica M V and Gellersen, Helena M and Korkki,
                      Saana M and Simons, Jon S},
      title        = {{T}he impact of lifestyle restrictions on memory in older
                      adults.},
      journal      = {PLOS ONE},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {1932-6203},
      address      = {San Francisco, California, US},
      publisher    = {PLOS},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2026-00202},
      pages        = {e0342458},
      year         = {2026},
      abstract     = {Engagement in a variety of lifestyle activities, such as
                      intellectual stimulation, social interaction, and physical
                      exercise, is thought to be a key contributor to cognitive
                      reserve, helping the brain compensate for age-related or
                      pathological changes. An open question is whether
                      restrictions on lifestyle activities, even if relatively
                      brief, might have detrimental effects on cognition. The
                      COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented restrictions on the
                      kinds of lifestyle activities that have been shown to be
                      protective against age-related cognitive decline. In the
                      present study, we captured changes in lifestyle and memory
                      of older adults across the pandemic. Long-term memory was
                      assessed using a task which allows for the estimation of
                      both retrieval success and memory precision, the latter
                      being particularly sensitive to age-related changes. Memory
                      was assessed before the pandemic in person, and during the
                      pandemic using an online version of the task. Experiment 1
                      first verified that younger adults' performance did not
                      significantly differ between testing environments,
                      validating pre- and post-pandemic comparison in older
                      adults. Experiment 2 then demonstrated that while
                      substantial declines in lifestyle engagement were observed
                      during the pandemic in older adults, there was no
                      significant correlation between these lifestyle changes and
                      memory performance overall. However, when modelling
                      retrieval success, lifestyle effects varied with dementia
                      risk, consistent with cognitive reserve theory, as well as
                      varying with depression. These findings highlight how
                      different memory features are impacted by factors such as
                      lifestyle, and support the proposal that heightened dementia
                      risk may increase susceptibility to the impact of lifestyle
                      changes.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Aged / Female / Male / COVID-19: epidemiology /
                      COVID-19: psychology / Life Style / Middle Aged / Cognitive
                      Reserve: physiology / Aged, 80 and over / SARS-CoV-2 / Adult
                      / Exercise / Young Adult / Memory / Pandemics / Memory,
                      Long-Term: physiology},
      cin          = {AG Berron},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000070},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41701725},
      doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0342458},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/285260},
}