%0 Journal Article
%A Buchholz, Maresa
%A Engel, Lidia
%A Xie, Feng
%A Michalowsky, Bernhard
%T Examining the face validity of the EQ-HWB-9 in dementia: caregiver interpretation across 'Today' and '7-Day' recall periods.
%J Health and quality of life outcomes
%V 24
%N 1
%@ 1477-7525
%C London
%I BioMed Central
%M DZNE-2026-00215
%P 22
%D 2026
%X This study aimed to assess the face validity of the EQ Health and Wellbeing 9 (EQ-HWB-9) for use as a proxy by informal caregivers of community-dwelling people living with dementia (PlwD). It explored how caregivers understand and interpret the EQ-HWB-9 items when using two different recall periods (today vs. 7-days).Qualitative interviews were conducted with 73 informal caregivers of PlwD in Germany. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two recall period groups of the EQ-HWB-9 ('today' vs. '7 days'), and underwent an interview, designed to evaluate the appropriateness of the EQ-HWB-9. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Caregivers were, on average, 70.6 years old and mainly female (72.6
%K Humans
%K Female
%K Caregivers: psychology
%K Dementia: psychology
%K Male
%K Aged
%K Middle Aged
%K Mental Recall
%K Germany
%K Reproducibility of Results
%K Qualitative Research
%K Surveys and Questionnaires: standards
%K Interviews as Topic
%K Quality of Life: psychology
%K Aged, 80 and over
%K Activities of Daily Living
%K Psychometrics
%K Health Status
%K Dementia (Other)
%K EQ-HWB-9 (Other)
%K Health fluctuations (Other)
%K Informal caregivers (Other)
%K Proxy-proxy perspective (Other)
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)16
%9 Journal Article
%$ pmid:41606591
%2 pmc:PMC12924600
%R 10.1186/s12955-026-02478-z
%U https://pub.dzne.de/record/285349