Home > In process > Examining the face validity of the EQ-HWB-9 in dementia: caregiver interpretation across 'Today' and '7-Day' recall periods. > print

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037 _ _ |a DZNE-2026-00215
041 _ _ |a English
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100 1 _ |a Buchholz, Maresa
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245 _ _ |a Examining the face validity of the EQ-HWB-9 in dementia: caregiver interpretation across 'Today' and '7-Day' recall periods.
260 _ _ |a London
|c 2026
|b BioMed Central
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520 _ _ |a This study aimed to assess the face validity of the EQ Health and Wellbeing 9 (EQ-HWB-9) for use as a proxy by informal caregivers of community-dwelling people living with dementia (PlwD). It explored how caregivers understand and interpret the EQ-HWB-9 items when using two different recall periods (today vs. 7-days).Qualitative interviews were conducted with 73 informal caregivers of PlwD in Germany. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two recall period groups of the EQ-HWB-9 ('today' vs. '7 days'), and underwent an interview, designed to evaluate the appropriateness of the EQ-HWB-9. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Caregivers were, on average, 70.6 years old and mainly female (72.6%). Most caregivers found the EQ-HWB-9 acceptable, highlighting its broad health coverage, clear structure, and suitability of the five-point response scale. Criticisms included the brevity and insufficient depth to capture the PlwD's health status fully. Caregivers tended to focus on observable aspects, such as daily activities, concentration, and mobility, while internal states, like loneliness, sadness, and anxiety, were more challenging to assess, often relying on indirect cues. The 7-day recall period was associated with lower adherence and more frequent deviations from recall instructions compared to the 'Today' recall. Overall, caregivers adhered well to the instructed proxy-proxy perspective but reported uncertainty in selecting the most appropriate responses.The EQ-HWB-9 is generally acceptable and feasible for proxy assessments in PlwD. However, challenges regarding recall periods, proxy interpretation, and response certainty require further investigation.
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650 _ 7 |a Dementia
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650 _ 7 |a EQ-HWB-9
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650 _ 7 |a Health fluctuations
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650 _ 7 |a Informal caregivers
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650 _ 7 |a Proxy-proxy perspective
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650 _ 2 |a Humans
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650 _ 2 |a Female
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Caregivers: psychology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Dementia: psychology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Male
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Aged
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Middle Aged
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Mental Recall
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Germany
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Reproducibility of Results
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Qualitative Research
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Surveys and Questionnaires: standards
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Interviews as Topic
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Quality of Life: psychology
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Aged, 80 and over
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Activities of Daily Living
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Psychometrics
|2 MeSH
650 _ 2 |a Health Status
|2 MeSH
700 1 _ |a Engel, Lidia
|b 1
700 1 _ |a Xie, Feng
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700 1 _ |a Michalowsky, Bernhard
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910 1 _ |a Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen
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