000285490 001__ 285490 000285490 005__ 20260311113114.0 000285490 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1371/journal.ppat.1014020 000285490 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:41770818 000285490 0247_ $$2pmc$$apmc:PMC12970978 000285490 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1553-7366 000285490 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1553-7374 000285490 037__ $$aDZNE-2026-00266 000285490 041__ $$aEnglish 000285490 082__ $$a610 000285490 1001_ $$aChen, Yuexuan$$b0 000285490 245__ $$aHIV-1 Vpr is targeted for degradation by autophagy. 000285490 260__ $$aLawrence, Kan.$$bPLoS$$c2026 000285490 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000285490 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000285490 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1773223028_15721 000285490 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000285490 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000285490 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000285490 520__ $$aAutophagy is part of the innate immune arsenal to fight viruses, including HIV-1. We previously reported that HIV-1 Gag is targeted for autophagy-mediated degradation. Here, we identify HIV-1 Vpr, an important virulence factor, as an autophagy target in HIV-1 NL4-3, a lab adapted molecular clone. Notably, Vpr proteins from a collection of transmitted/founder viruses (TFVs) were resistant to autophagy. Based on this observation, we identified residues at positions 37, 45, 77, 83-86, 93-94 in NL4-3 Vpr as responsible for its susceptibility to autophagy. Importantly, differences between NL4-3 and TFV Vpr proteins at these positions impact their interaction with the autophagy receptors NDP52, SQSTM1/p62 and TAX1BP1. By engineering NL4-3 molecular clones harboring either autophagy-sensitive or -resistant vpr, we found that in 2D and 3D in vitro systems virus spread was significantly reduced for the virus carrying autophagy-sensitive Vpr. In conclusion, our study identifies Vpr as a novel autophagy target and suggests that Vpr susceptibility to autophagy impacts HIV-1 spread. 000285490 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-351$$a351 - Brain Function (POF4-351)$$cPOF4-351$$fPOF IV$$x0 000285490 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, PubMed, , Journals: pub.dzne.de 000285490 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$avpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus 000285490 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$avpr protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAutophagy: physiology 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$avpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus: metabolism 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$avpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus: genetics 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHIV-1: metabolism 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHIV-1: genetics 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHIV-1: pathogenicity 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHIV Infections: metabolism 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHIV Infections: virology 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHIV Infections: immunology 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHEK293 Cells 000285490 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aProteolysis 000285490 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003510$$aKlute, Susanne$$b1$$udzne 000285490 7001_ $$aBansal, Anju$$b2 000285490 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9003481$$aSparrer, Konstantin Maria Johannes$$b3$$udzne 000285490 7001_ $$00000-0002-1923-6414$$aSerra-Moreno, Ruth$$b4 000285490 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2205412-1$$a10.1371/journal.ppat.1014020$$gVol. 22, no. 3, p. e1014020 -$$n3$$pe1014020$$tPLoS pathogens$$v22$$x1553-7366$$y2026 000285490 8564_ $$uhttps://pub.dzne.de/record/285490/files/DZNE-2026-00266.pdf$$yRestricted 000285490 8564_ $$uhttps://pub.dzne.de/record/285490/files/DZNE-2026-00266.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa$$yRestricted 000285490 9101_ $$0I:(DE-HGF)0$$6P:(DE-2719)9003510$$aExternal Institute$$b1$$kExtern 000285490 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588)1065079516$$6P:(DE-2719)9003481$$aDeutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen$$b3$$kDZNE 000285490 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-351$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF4-350$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF4-300$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF4$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bGesundheit$$lNeurodegenerative Diseases$$vBrain Function$$x0 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bPLOS PATHOG : 2022$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0320$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bPubMed Central$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0501$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ Seal$$d2025-02-26T16:37:24Z 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ$$d2025-02-26T16:37:24Z 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bDOAJ : Anonymous peer review$$d2025-02-26T16:37:24Z 000285490 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBYNV$$2V:(DE-HGF)$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY (No Version)$$bDOAJ$$d2025-02-26T16:37:24Z 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0600$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEbsco Academic Search$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bASC$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bClarivate Analytics Master Journal List$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1190$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBiological Abstracts$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0160$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEssential Science Indicators$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0113$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1030$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bCurrent Contents - Life Sciences$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1050$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBIOSIS Previews$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9905$$2StatID$$aIF >= 5$$bPLOS PATHOG : 2022$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0561$$2StatID$$aArticle Processing Charges$$d2025-11-11 000285490 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0700$$2StatID$$aFees$$d2025-11-11 000285490 9201_ $$0I:(DE-2719)1910003$$kAG Sparrer$$lNeurovirology and Neuroinflammation$$x0 000285490 980__ $$ajournal 000285490 980__ $$aEDITORS 000285490 980__ $$aVDBINPRINT 000285490 980__ $$aI:(DE-2719)1910003 000285490 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED