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000286088 1001_ $$aCzajka, Titus$$b0
000286088 245__ $$aVesicle dynamics in synapsin-induced condensates by passive X-ray microrheology.
000286088 260__ $$aCambridge, Mass.$$bCell Press$$c2026
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000286088 520__ $$aThe collective dynamics of subcellular biological processes is often difficult to assess experimentally due to the challenges associated with spatial and temporal resolution, labeling, or multiple scattering. X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy is, in principle, well suited to probe collective dynamics by quantifying dispersion relations in complex fluids in general and biomolecular systems in particular. However, the low scattering signal and the sensitivity to radiation damage set stringent limits to many applications. Probing the dynamics of vesicles in protein-induced condensates is a case in point. Here, we use lipid vesicles with a hard silica core, called colloid-supported lipid bilayers, as labeled vesicles for enhanced X-ray contrast. We then probe structure and dynamics in solutions of vesicles and synapsin, a protein known for its property of inducing liquid-liquid phase separation and forming condensates that recruit vesicles, organizing them into clusters in presynaptic nerve terminals. The dynamics in these systems is found to exhibit evidence for both liquid-like and network-like phases. Our results reveal distinct effective-diffusion constants at varying protein concentrations. At the same time the stretched exponential decay of the correlation functions provides clear evidence for nondiffusive behavior within the condensates.
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000286088 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aLipid Bilayers
000286088 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aSynapsins
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aLipid Bilayers: chemistry
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aLipid Bilayers: metabolism
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSynapsins: metabolism
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSynapsins: chemistry
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDiffusion
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aX-Rays
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBiomolecular Condensates: chemistry
000286088 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBiomolecular Condensates: metabolism
000286088 7001_ $$aMajor, Andras$$b1
000286088 7001_ $$aBruns, Hendrik$$b2
000286088 7001_ $$aCammarata, Marco$$b3
000286088 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9000582$$aHoffmann, Christian$$b4$$udzne
000286088 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9000670$$aMilovanovic, Dragomir$$b5$$udzne
000286088 7001_ $$aSalditt, Tim$$b6
000286088 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1477214-0$$a10.1016/j.bpj.2026.03.006$$gVol. 125, no. 7, p. 1713 - 1722$$n7$$p1713 - 1722$$tBiophysical journal$$v125$$x0006-3495$$y2026
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