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@ARTICLE{Lvdn:136421,
      author       = {Lövdén, Martin and Schaefer, Sabine and Noack, Hannes and
                      Bodammer, Nils Christian and Kühn, Simone and Heinze,
                      Hans-Jochen and Düzel, Emrah and Bäckman, Lars and
                      Lindenberger, Ulman},
      title        = {{S}patial navigation training protects the hippocampus
                      against age-related changes during early and late
                      adulthood.},
      journal      = {Neurobiology of aging},
      volume       = {33},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {0197-4580},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-02743},
      pages        = {620.e9-620.e22},
      year         = {2012},
      abstract     = {It is unknown whether lifestyle, including mental
                      stimulation, and appropriate training interventions, may
                      directly improve spatial navigation performance and its
                      underlying neural substrates. Here we report that healthy
                      younger and older men performing a cognitively demanding
                      spatial navigation task every other day over 4 months
                      display navigation-related gains in performance and stable
                      hippocampal volumes that were maintained 4 months after
                      termination of training. In contrast, control groups
                      displayed volume decrements consistent with longitudinal
                      estimates of age-related decline. Hippocampal barrier
                      density, as indicated by mean diffusivity estimated from
                      diffusion tensor imaging, showed a quadratic shape of
                      increased density after training followed by a return to
                      baseline in the right hippocampus, but declined in the
                      control groups and in the left hippocampus. We conclude that
                      sustained experiential demands on spatial ability protect
                      hippocampal integrity against age-related decline. These
                      results provide the first longitudinal evidence indicating
                      that spatial navigation experience modifies hippocampal
                      volumes in humans, and confirm epidemiological results
                      suggesting that mental stimulation may have direct effects
                      on neural integrity.},
      keywords     = {Adult / Age Factors / Aged / Aging: pathology / Aging:
                      psychology / Exercise Therapy: instrumentation / Exercise
                      Therapy: methods / Female / Hippocampus: pathology /
                      Hippocampus: physiopathology / Humans / Male / Memory
                      Disorders: physiopathology / Memory Disorders: prevention
                      $\&$ control / Memory Disorders: therapy / Middle Aged /
                      User-Computer Interface / Young Adult},
      cin          = {U Clinical Researchers - Magdeburg / AG Düzel},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)7000000 / I:(DE-2719)5000006},
      pnm          = {344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:21497950},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.02.013},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/136421},
}