TY - JOUR AU - Höllerhage, Matthias AU - Rösler, Thomas W AU - Berjas, Magda AU - Luo, Rensheng AU - Tran, Kevin AU - Richards, Kristy M AU - Sabaa-Srur, Armando U AU - Maia, José Guilherme S AU - Moraes, Maria Rosa de AU - Godoy, Helena T AU - Höglinger, Günter U AU - Smith, Robert E TI - Neurotoxicity of Dietary Supplements from Annonaceae Species. JO - International journal of toxicology VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 1091-5818 CY - London PB - Sage M1 - DZNE-2020-04606 SP - 543-550 PY - 2015 AB - Dietary supplements containing plant materials of Annonaceae species (Annona muricata L., A. squamosa L., A. mucosa JACQ., A. squamosa × cherimola Mabb.) were extracted by hot, pressurized ethyl acetate and analyzed for their effect in vitro on Lund human mesencephalic neurons. Cell viability was measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and cell death was determined by lactate dehydrogenase levels. Three supplements strongly decreased the cell viability at extract concentrations of 1 µg/mL, of which 1 decreased cell viability at 0.1 µg/µL. Also, strong neuronal toxicities of these supplements were found. Cell death was observed at concentrations of 10 µg/mL. The degree of toxicity was comparable to the ones found in Annonaceous fruit extracts. Two fruit pulps of Annonaceae (A. muricata and A. squamosa) showed a reduction in cell viability at lower concentrations. The fruit pulp extract of A. muricata revealed the strongest neurotoxic effect, with 67 KW - Annonaceae: toxicity KW - Cell Survival: drug effects KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Dietary Supplements: toxicity KW - Fruit: chemistry KW - Fruit: toxicity KW - Humans KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase: analysis KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase: metabolism KW - Mesencephalon: cytology KW - Mesencephalon: drug effects KW - Neurons: drug effects KW - Neurotoxicity Syndromes: pathology KW - Plant Extracts: toxicity KW - Seeds: chemistry KW - Seeds: toxicity KW - Tetrazolium Salts KW - Thiazoles KW - Plant Extracts (NLM Chemicals) KW - Tetrazolium Salts (NLM Chemicals) KW - Thiazoles (NLM Chemicals) KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (NLM Chemicals) KW - thiazolyl blue (NLM Chemicals) LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - pmid:26405269 DO - DOI:10.1177/1091581815602252 UR - https://pub.dzne.de/record/138284 ER -