%0 Journal Article
%A Dusek, Petr
%A Madai, Vince Istvan
%A Huelnhagen, Till
%A Bahn, Erik
%A Matej, Radoslav
%A Sobesky, Jan
%A Niendorf, Thoralf
%A Acosta-Cabronero, Julio
%A Wuerfel, Jens
%T The choice of embedding media affects image quality, tissue R2* , and susceptibility behaviors in post-mortem brain MR microscopy at 7.0T.
%J Magnetic resonance in medicine
%V 81
%N 4
%@ 0740-3194
%C New York, NY [u.a.]
%I Wiley-Liss
%M DZNE-2020-06914
%P 2688-2701
%D 2019
%X The quality and precision of post-mortem MRI microscopy may vary depending on the embedding medium used. To investigate this, our study evaluated the impact of 5 widely used media on: (1) image quality, (2) contrast of high spatial resolution gradient-echo (T1 and T2* -weighted) MR images, (3) effective transverse relaxation rate (R2* ), and (4) quantitative susceptibility measurements (QSM) of post-mortem brain specimens.Five formaldehyde-fixed brain slices were scanned using 7.0T MRI in: (1) formaldehyde solution (formalin), (2) phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), (3) deuterium oxide (D2 O), (4) perfluoropolyether (Galden), and (5) agarose gel. SNR and contrast-to-noise ratii (SNR/CNR) were calculated for cortex/white matter (WM) and basal ganglia/WM regions. In addition, median R2* and QSM values were extracted from caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, WM, and cortical regions.PBS, Galden, and agarose returned higher SNR/CNR compared to formalin and D2 O. Formalin fixation, and its use as embedding medium for scanning, increased tissue R2* . Imaging with agarose, D2 O, and Galden returned lower R2* values than PBS (and formalin). No major QSM offsets were observed, although spatial variance was increased (with respect to R2* behaviors) for formalin and agarose.Embedding media affect gradient-echo image quality, R2* , and QSM in differing ways. In this study, PBS embedding was identified as the most stable experimental setup, although by a small margin. Agarose and Galden were preferred to formalin or D2 O embedding. Formalin significantly increased R2* causing noisier data and increased QSM variance.
%K Aged
%K Autopsy: instrumentation
%K Autopsy: methods
%K Brain: diagnostic imaging
%K Brain: pathology
%K Brain Mapping: methods
%K Contrast Media
%K Deuterium Oxide
%K Ethers
%K Female
%K Fluorocarbons
%K Formaldehyde
%K Humans
%K Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
%K Magnetic Resonance Imaging: instrumentation
%K Magnetic Resonance Imaging: methods
%K Male
%K Middle Aged
%K Phosphates
%K Sepharose: chemistry
%K Signal-To-Noise Ratio
%K Specimen Handling
%K Tissue Embedding: instrumentation
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)16
%9 Journal Article
%$ pmid:30506939
%R 10.1002/mrm.27595
%U https://pub.dzne.de/record/140592