TY - JOUR AU - Netea, Mihai G. AU - Domínguez-Andrés, Jorge AU - Barreiro, Luis B. AU - Chavakis, Triantafyllos AU - Divangahi, Maziar AU - Fuchs, Elaine AU - Joosten, Leo A. B. AU - van der Meer, Jos W. M. AU - Mhlanga, Musa M. AU - Mulder, Willem J. M. AU - Riksen, Niels P. AU - Schlitzer, Andreas AU - Schultze, Joachim AU - Stabell Benn, Christine AU - Sun, Joseph C. AU - Xavier, Ramnik J. AU - Latz, Eicke TI - Defining trained immunity and its role in health and disease JO - Nature reviews / Immunology VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 1474-1733 CY - London PB - Nature Publ. Group M1 - DZNE-2020-01051 SP - 375-388 PY - 2020 AB - Immune memory is a defining feature of the acquired immune system, but activation of the innate immune system can also result in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent triggers. This process has been termed ‘trained immunity’, a de facto innate immune memory. Research in the past decade has pointed to the broad benefits of trained immunity for host defence but has also suggested potentially detrimental outcomes in immune-mediated and chronic inflammatory diseases. Here we define ‘trained immunity’ as a biological process and discuss the innate stimuli and the epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming events that shape the induction of trained immunity. KW - Adaptive Immunity: genetics KW - Adaptive Immunity: immunology KW - Animals KW - Epigenesis, Genetic: immunology KW - Humans KW - Immune System: immunology KW - Immune System: metabolism KW - Immune System Diseases: genetics KW - Immune System Diseases: immunology KW - Immune Tolerance: genetics KW - Immune Tolerance: immunology KW - Immunity, Innate: genetics KW - Immunity, Innate: immunology KW - Immunologic Memory: genetics KW - Immunologic Memory: immunology KW - Inflammation: genetics KW - Inflammation: immunology LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C2 - pmc:PMC7186935 C6 - pmid:32132681 DO - DOI:10.1038/s41577-020-0285-6 UR - https://pub.dzne.de/record/151066 ER -