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@ARTICLE{Tkaczynska:151488,
      author       = {Tkaczynska, Zuzanna and Becker, Sara and Maetzler, Walter
                      and Timmers, Maarten and Van Nueten, Luc and Sulzer,
                      Patricia and Salvadore, Giacomo and Schäffer, Eva and
                      Brockmann, Kathrin and Streffer, Johannes and Berg, Daniela
                      and Liepelt-Scarfone, Inga},
      title        = {{E}xecutive {F}unction {I}s {R}elated to the {U}rinary
                      {U}rgency in {N}on-demented {P}atients {W}ith
                      {P}arkinson’s {D}isease},
      journal      = {Frontiers in aging neuroscience},
      volume       = {12},
      issn         = {1663-4365},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2020-01076},
      pages        = {55},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Introduction: Evidence suggests urinary urgency is
                      associated with cognitive impairment in a subtype of
                      Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. This study investigates
                      if cognitive impairment independently predicts the presence
                      of urinary dysfunction.Methods: We report data of 189
                      idiopathic PD patients, excluding those with concomitant
                      diseases or medication interacting with bladder function. A
                      standardized questionnaire was used to define the presence
                      of urinary urgency. All patients underwent a comprehensive
                      motor, cognitive non-motor and health-related quality of
                      life (HRQoL) assessment. Multivariable linear regression
                      analysis was performed to identify independent variables
                      characterizing urinary urgency in PD (PD-UU), which were
                      assigned as discriminant features to estimate their
                      individual contribution to the phenotype of the PD-UU
                      group.Results: Of 189 PD patients, 115 $(60.8\%)$ reported
                      PD-UU. The linear regression analysis showed that among
                      cognitive domains, executive function (EF; p = 0.04) had a
                      significant negative association with PD-UU. In a second
                      model, scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
                      significantly differentiated between study groups (p =
                      0.007) and also non-motor symptom (NMS) burden (p < 0.001).
                      The third model consisted of reports of HRQoL, of which
                      stigma was the only subscale of the Parkinson’s Disease
                      Questionnaire (PDQ-39) differentiating between patients with
                      and without PD-UU (p = 0.02). The linear discriminant
                      analysis provided evidence that the combination of EF, NMS
                      burden, nocturia, and stigma discriminated between groups
                      with $72.4\%$ accuracy.Conclusion: In our large,
                      non-demented PD cohort, urinary urgency was associated with
                      executive dysfunction (EF), supporting a possible causative
                      link between both symptoms. A combination of
                      neuropsychological and non-motor aspects identified patients
                      with PD-UU with high discriminative accuracy.},
      cin          = {Bonn Pre 2020 / AG Latz / AG Gasser 1 / Tübingen Pre 2020
                      / AG Maetzler},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)6000011 / I:(DE-2719)1013024 /
                      I:(DE-2719)1210000 / I:(DE-2719)6000018 /
                      I:(DE-2719)5000024},
      pnm          = {342 - Disease Mechanisms and Model Systems (POF3-342) / 344
                      - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344) / 345 -
                      Population Studies and Genetics (POF3-345)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-342 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-344 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF3-345},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC7069351},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32210789},
      doi          = {10.3389/fnagi.2020.00055},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/151488},
}