TY  - JOUR
AU  - Roessling, Rosa
AU  - Prüß, Harald
TI  - Apheresis in Autoimmune Encephalitis and Autoimmune Dementia.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
VL  - 9
IS  - 9
SN  - 2077-0383
CY  - Basel
PB  - MDPI
M1  - DZNE-2021-00231
SP  - 2683
PY  - 2020
N1  - ISSN 2077-0383 not unique: **3 hits**.
AB  - Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a rapidly progressive inflammatory neurological disease. Underlying autoantibodies can bind to neuronal surfaces and synaptic proteins resulting in psychiatric symptoms, focal neurological signs, autonomic dysfunction and cognitive decline. Early and effective treatment is mandatory to reduce clinical symptoms and to achieve remission. Therapeutic apheresis, involving both plasma exchange (PE) and immunoadsorption (IA), can rapidly remove pathogenic antibodies from the circulation, thus representing an important first-line treatment in AE patients. We here review the most relevant studies regarding therapeutic apheresis in AE, summarizing the outcome for patients and the expanding clinical spectrum of treatment-responsive clinical conditions. For example, patients with slowly progressing cognitive impairment suggesting a neurodegenerative dementia can have underlying autoantibodies and improve with therapeutic apheresis. Findings are encouraging and have led to the first ongoing clinical studies assessing the therapeutic effect of IA in patients with anti-neuronal autoantibodies and the clinical presentation of dementia. Therapeutic apheresis is an established and well tolerated option for first-line therapy in AE and, potentially, other antibody-mediated central nervous system diseases.
KW  - NMDAR (N-Methyl-D-Aspartat) (Other)
KW  - antibody (Other)
KW  - apheresis (Other)
KW  - autoimmune encephalitis (Other)
KW  - immunoadsorption (Other)
KW  - limbic encephalitis (Other)
KW  - paraneoplastic (Other)
KW  - plasma exchange (Other)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:32824982
C2  - pmc:PMC7563270
DO  - DOI:10.3390/jcm9092683
UR  - https://pub.dzne.de/record/154378
ER  -