Journal Article (Review Article)

DZNE-2021-00231

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Apheresis in Autoimmune Encephalitis and Autoimmune Dementia.

Roessling, R. (First author)DZNE* ; Prüß, H. (Last author)DZNE*

2020
MDPI Basel

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.3390/jcm9092683

Abstract: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a rapidly progressive inflammatory neurological disease. Underlying autoantibodies can bind to neuronal surfaces and synaptic proteins resulting in psychiatric symptoms, focal neurological signs, autonomic dysfunction and cognitive decline. Early and effective treatment is mandatory to reduce clinical symptoms and to achieve remission. Therapeutic apheresis, involving both plasma exchange (PE) and immunoadsorption (IA), can rapidly remove pathogenic antibodies from the circulation, thus representing an important first-line treatment in AE patients. We here review the most relevant studies regarding therapeutic apheresis in AE, summarizing the outcome for patients and the expanding clinical spectrum of treatment-responsive clinical conditions. For example, patients with slowly progressing cognitive impairment suggesting a neurodegenerative dementia can have underlying autoantibodies and improve with therapeutic apheresis. Findings are encouraging and have led to the first ongoing clinical studies assessing the therapeutic effect of IA in patients with anti-neuronal autoantibodies and the clinical presentation of dementia. Therapeutic apheresis is an established and well tolerated option for first-line therapy in AE and, potentially, other antibody-mediated central nervous system diseases.

Keyword(s): NMDAR (N-Methyl-D-Aspartat) ; antibody ; apheresis ; autoimmune encephalitis ; immunoadsorption ; limbic encephalitis ; paraneoplastic ; plasma exchange

Note: ISSN 2077-0383 not unique: **3 hits**.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Autoimmune Encephalopathies (AG Prüß)

Research Program(s):

1. 342 - Disease Mechanisms and Model Systems (POF3-342) (POF3-342)

Appears in the scientific report 2020

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