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@ARTICLE{Belz:155571,
      author       = {Belz, Michael and Hessmann, Philipp and Vogelgsang,
                      Jonathan and Schmidt, Ulrike and Ruhleder, Mirjana and
                      Signerski-Krieger, Jörg and Radenbach, Katrin and Trost,
                      Sarah and Schott, Björn H and Wiltfang, Jens and
                      Wolff-Menzler, Claus and Bartels, Claudia},
      title        = {{E}volution of psychosocial burden and psychiatric symptoms
                      in patients with psychiatric disorders during the {C}ovid-19
                      pandemic.},
      journal      = {European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience},
      volume       = {272},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1433-8491},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2021-00749},
      pages        = {29-40},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {(CC BY)},
      abstract     = {The Covid-19 pandemic highly impacts mental health
                      worldwide. Patients with psychiatric disorders are a
                      vulnerable risk population for worsening of their condition
                      and relapse of symptoms. This study investigates the
                      pandemic-related course of psychosocial burden in patients
                      with pre-existing mental disorders. With the newly developed
                      Goettingen psychosocial Burden and Symptom Inventory
                      (Goe-BSI) psychosocial burden has been traced
                      retrospectively (1) before the pandemic (beginning of 2020),
                      (2) at its beginning under maximum lockdown conditions
                      (March 2020), and (3) for the current state after maximum
                      lockdown conditions (April/May 2020). The Goe-BSI also
                      integrates the Adjustment Disorder New Module (ADNM-20),
                      assesses general psychiatric symptoms, and resilience. A
                      total of 213 patients covering all major psychiatric
                      disorders (ICD-10 F0-F9) were interviewed once in the time
                      range from April, 24th until May 11th, 2020. Across all
                      diagnoses patients exhibited a distinct pattern with an
                      initial rise followed by a decline of psychosocial burden (p
                      < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.09; Bonferroni-corrected pairwise
                      comparisons between all three time-points: p < 0.05 to
                      0.001). Female gender and high ADNM-20 scores were
                      identified as risk factors for higher levels and an
                      unfavorable course of psychosocial burden over time. Most
                      psychiatric symptoms remained unchanged. Trajectories of
                      psychosocial burden vary in parallel to local lockdown
                      restrictions and seem to reflect an adaptive stress
                      response. For female patients with pre-existing mental
                      disorders and patients with high-stress responses, timely
                      and specific treatment should be scheduled. With the
                      continuation of the pandemic, monitoring of long-term
                      effects is of major importance, especially when long
                      incubation times for the development of mental health issues
                      are considered.},
      keywords     = {COVID-19: epidemiology / COVID-19: psychology / Cost of
                      Illness / Female / Humans / Mental Disorders: epidemiology /
                      Mental Disorders: psychology / Pandemics / Retrospective
                      Studies / Adjustment disorder (Other) / Coronavirus (Other)
                      / Mental health (Other) / Psychosocial stress (Other) /
                      SARS-CoV-2 (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Fischer 1 / AG Wiltfang},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1410002 / I:(DE-2719)1410006},
      pnm          = {352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352) / 353 - Clinical and
                      Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-352 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33942148},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC8092366},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00406-021-01268-6},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/155571},
}