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@ARTICLE{Becker:163549,
      author       = {Becker, Sara and Nußbaum, Susanne and Michaelis, Katja and
                      Faust, Bettina and Brockmann, Kathrin and Liepelt-Scarfone,
                      Inga},
      title        = {{D}ivergence {B}etween {I}nformant and {S}elf-{R}atings of
                      {A}ctivities of {D}aily {L}iving {I}mpairments in
                      {P}arkinson's {D}isease.},
      journal      = {Frontiers in aging neuroscience},
      volume       = {14},
      issn         = {1663-4365},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-00305},
      pages        = {838674},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {To examine the agreement between self- and
                      informant-reported activities of daily living (ADL) deficits
                      in Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients, and to examine factors
                      influencing ADL ratings.In PD, the loss of functional
                      independence is an important outcome of disease progression.
                      The valid assessment of ADL function in PD is essential, but
                      it is unclear to what extent informants' and patients'
                      perceptions of their daily functions concur, and how other
                      factors may influence both ratings.Data of 150 PD patients
                      who underwent cognitive and motor testing, as well as their
                      informants were analyzed. The 10-item Functional Activities
                      Questionnaire (FAQ), completed separately by patients
                      (FAQ-S) and their informants (FAQ-I), assessed ADL function.
                      Weighted κ statistics summarized level of agreement, and a
                      discrepancy score (FAQ-I - FAQ-S) quantified agreement.
                      Correlation analyses between FAQ total scores, patient and
                      informant characteristics, and cognitive scores were
                      conducted, with post hoc regressions to determine the
                      associations between both FAQ scores and cognition,
                      independent of patient characteristics.The sample included
                      87 patients with normal cognition, 50 with mild cognitive
                      impairment, and 13 with dementia. Overall, there was fair to
                      moderate agreement between patients and informants on
                      individual FAQ items (0.27 ≤ κ ≤ 0.61, p < 0.004), with
                      greater discrepancies with increasing cognitive impairment.
                      Patients' age, motor severity, non-motor burden, and
                      depression also affected both ratings (0.27 ≤ r ≤ 0.50,
                      p < 0.001), with motor severity showing the greatest
                      influence on both ratings. Both the FAQ-I and FAQ-S were
                      correlated with almost all cognitive domains. Post hoc
                      regression analyses controlling for patient characteristics
                      showed that the attention domain was a significant predictor
                      of both the FAQ-S and FAQ-I scores, and memory was also a
                      significant predictor of the FAQ-I score. Only $29.3\%$ of
                      patients agreed perfectly with informants on the FAQ total
                      score, with informants most commonly rating ADL impairments
                      as more severe than patients.Patient and informant ratings
                      of ADL function using FAQ items showed moderate agreement,
                      with only few items reaching substantial agreement. Ratings
                      of both were associated with patient cognitive status, but
                      also other characteristics. In addition to patient and
                      informant reports, objective measures are needed to
                      accurately classify ADL deficits in PD.},
      keywords     = {Functional Activities Questionnaire (Other) / Parkinson’s
                      Disease (Other) / activities of daily living (Other) /
                      caregiver (Other) / cognition (Other) / informant-ratings
                      (Other) / self-ratings (Other)},
      cin          = {Core ICRU / AG Gasser / Ext UKT},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1240005 / I:(DE-2719)1210000 /
                      I:(DE-2719)5000058},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35222002},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC8874137},
      doi          = {10.3389/fnagi.2022.838674},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/163549},
}