TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gerhard, Ameli
AU  - Prüß, Harald
AU  - Franke, Christiana
TI  - Manifestationen im Zentralnervensystem nach COVID-19.
JO  - Der Nervenarzt
VL  - 93
IS  - 8
SN  - 0028-2804
CY  - Heidelberg
PB  - Springer
M1  - DZNE-2022-00684
SP  - 769-778
PY  - 2022
N1  - CC BY: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
AB  - Numerous diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), especially in the postacute phase after an infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been described. These include neuroimmunologically mediated diseases, such as encephalopathy, encephalitis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), acute necrotizing hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (ANHLE) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) as well as others, such as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia (OMA) and cerebrovascular diseases. A parainfectious or postinfectious association is discussed but the pathophysiological mechanisms are so far unknown. Underlying mechanisms could be a virus-triggered overactivation of the immune system with hyperinflammation and cytokine storm but possibly also the development of specific autoantibodies against CNS tissue. Direct damage due to the invasion of SARS-CoV‑2 into the brain or spinal cord does not seem to play a relevant role. An exact clinical phenotyping and initiation of additional diagnostics are recommended, also to rule out other causes. To date no medicinal treatment options for CNS manifestations of long COVID exist; however, first results regarding inflammation and autoimmunity are promising and could lead to new treatment approaches.
KW  - COVID-19: complications
KW  - Central Nervous System
KW  - Humans
KW  - Nervous System Diseases: etiology
KW  - Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome
KW  - SARS-CoV-2
KW  - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
KW  - Autoantibodies (Other)
KW  - Encephalitis (Other)
KW  - Hyperinflammation (Other)
KW  - Immunotherapy (Other)
KW  - Myelitis (Other)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:35552466
C2  - pmc:PMC9096778
DO  - DOI:10.1007/s00115-022-01294-2
UR  - https://pub.dzne.de/record/164021
ER  -