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@ARTICLE{Coors:164094,
      author       = {Coors, Annabell and Breteler, Monique and Ettinger, Ulrich},
      title        = {{P}rocessing speed, but not working memory or global
                      cognition, is associated with pupil diameter during
                      fixation.},
      journal      = {Psychophysiology},
      volume       = {59},
      number       = {11},
      issn         = {0048-5772},
      address      = {Malden, Mass. [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2022-00757},
      pages        = {e14089},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {(CC BY)},
      abstract     = {Mean pupil size during fixation has been suggested to
                      reflect interindividual differences in working memory and
                      fluid intelligence. However, due to small samples with
                      limited age range (17-35 years) and suboptimal light
                      conditions in previous studies, these associations are still
                      controversial and it is unclear whether they are observed at
                      older ages. Therefore, we assessed whether interindividual
                      differences in cognitive performance are reflected in pupil
                      diameter during fixation and whether these associations are
                      age-dependent. We analyzed pupillometry and cognition data
                      of 4560 individuals aged 30-95 years of the community-based
                      Rhineland Study. Pupillometry data were extracted from a
                      one-minute fixation task. The cognitive test battery
                      included tests of oculomotor control, working memory,
                      episodic verbal memory, processing speed, executive
                      function, and crystallized intelligence. For data analysis,
                      we used multivariable regression models. Working memory and
                      global cognition were not associated with pupil diameter
                      during fixation. Better processing speed performance was
                      associated with larger pupil diameter during fixation.
                      Associations between cognition and pupil diameter during
                      fixation hardly varied with age, but pupil diameter during
                      fixation declined linearly with age (adjusted decline: 0.33
                      mm per 10 years of age). There were no significant sex
                      differences in pupil size. We conclude that interindividual
                      differences in mean pupil diameter during fixation may
                      partly reflect interindividual differences in the speed of
                      processing and response generation. We could not confirm
                      that interindividual differences in working memory and fluid
                      intelligence are reflected in pupil size during fixation;
                      however, our sample differed in age range from previous
                      studies.},
      keywords     = {Adolescent / Adult / Child / Cognition: physiology / Female
                      / Humans / Intelligence: physiology / Male / Memory,
                      Short-Term: physiology / Pupil: physiology / Young Adult /
                      age (Other) / cognition (Other) / cohort studies (Other) /
                      intelligence (Other) / pupillometry (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Breteler},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1012001},
      pnm          = {354 - Disease Prevention and Healthy Aging (POF4-354)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-354},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-2719)Rhineland Study-20190321},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35521807},
      doi          = {10.1111/psyp.14089},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/164094},
}