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@ARTICLE{Pohlig:256514,
      author       = {Pohlig, Florian and Wittek, Michael and VON Thaden, Anne
                      and Lenze, Ulrich and Glowalla, Claudio and Minzlaff,
                      Philipp and Burgkart, Rainer and Prodinger, Peter Michael},
      title        = {{B}iomechanical {P}roperties of {R}epair {C}artilage
                      {T}issue {A}re {S}uperior {F}ollowing {M}icrodrilling
                      {C}ompared to {M}icrofracturing in {C}ritical {S}ize
                      {C}artilage {D}efects.},
      journal      = {In vivo},
      volume       = {37},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {0258-851x},
      address      = {Kapandriti, Attiki},
      publisher    = {IIAR},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2023-00338},
      pages        = {565 - 573},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {CC BY-NC-ND},
      abstract     = {Common surgical treatment options for large focal chondral
                      defects (FCDs) in the knee include microfracturing (MFX) and
                      microdrilling (DRL). Despite numerous studies addressing MFX
                      and DRL of FDCs, no in vivo study has focused on
                      biomechanical analysis of repair cartilage tissue in
                      critical size FCDs with different amounts of holes and
                      penetration depths.Two round FCDs (d=6 mm) were created on
                      the medial femoral condyle in 33 adult merino sheep. All 66
                      defects were randomly assigned to 1 control or 4 different
                      study groups: 1) MFX1, 3 holes, 2 mm depth; 2) MFX2, 3
                      holes, 4 mm depth; 3) DRL1, 3 holes, 4 mm depth; and 4)
                      DRL2, 6 holes, 4 mm depth. Animals were followed up for 1
                      year. Following euthanasia, quantitative optical analysis of
                      defect filling was performed. Biomechanical properties were
                      analysed with microindentation and calculation of the
                      elastic modulus.Quantitative assessment of defect filling
                      showed significantly better results in all treatment groups
                      compared to untreated FCDs in the control group (p<0.001),
                      with the best results for DRL2 $(84.2\%$ filling). The
                      elastic modulus of repair cartilage tissue in the DRL1 and
                      DRL2 groups was comparable to the adjacent native hyaline
                      cartilage, while significantly inferior results were
                      identified in both MFX groups (MFX1: p=0.002; MFX2:
                      p<0.001).More defect filling and better biomechanical
                      properties of the repair cartilage tissue were identified
                      for DRL compared to MFX, with the best results for 6 holes
                      and 4 mm of penetration depth. These findings are in
                      contrast to the current clinical practice with MFX as the
                      gold standard and suggest a clinical return to DRL.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Control Groups / Cartilage / DRL (Other) / FCD
                      (Other) / Knee (Other) / MFX (Other) / cartilage (Other) /
                      defect (Other) / drilling (Other) / focal chondral defect
                      (Other) / microfracturing (Other) / regeneration (Other)},
      cin          = {Animal Facility (Mouse) München},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1140012},
      pnm          = {352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-352},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC10026649},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36881065},
      doi          = {10.21873/invivo.13115},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/256514},
}