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@ARTICLE{Fuhrmann:278921,
      author       = {Fuhrmann, Falko and Nebeling, Felix C and Musacchio,
                      Fabrizio and Mittag, Manuel and Poll, Stefanie and Müller,
                      Monika and Ambrad Giovannetti, Eleonora and Maibach, Michael
                      and Schaffran, Barbara and Burnside, Emily and Chan, Chi Wai
                      and Lagurin, Alex Simon and Reichenbach, Nicole and
                      Kaushalya, Sanjeev Kumar and Fried, Hans and Linden, Stefan
                      and Petzold, Gabor C and Tavosanis, Gaia and Bradke, Frank
                      and Fuhrmann, Martin},
      title        = {{T}hree-photon in vivo imaging of neurons and glia in the
                      medial prefrontal cortex with sub-cellular resolution.},
      journal      = {Communications biology},
      volume       = {8},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2399-3642},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2025-00647},
      pages        = {795},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is important for higher
                      cognitive functions, including working memory, decision
                      making, and emotional control. In vivo recordings of
                      neuronal activity in the mPFC have been achieved via
                      invasive electrical and optical approaches. Here we apply
                      low invasive three-photon in vivo imaging in the mPFC of the
                      mouse at unprecedented depth. Specifically, we measure
                      neuronal and astrocytic Ca2+-transient parameters in awake
                      head-fixed mice up to a depth of 1700 µm. Furthermore, we
                      longitudinally record dendritic spine density (0.41 ± 0.07
                      µm-1) deeper than 1 mm for a week. Using 1650 nm wavelength
                      to excite red fluorescent microglia, we quantify their
                      processes' motility (58.9 ± $2\%$ turnover rate) at
                      previously unreachable depths (1100 µm). We establish
                      three-photon imaging of the mPFC enabling neuronal and glial
                      recordings with subcellular resolution that will pave the
                      way for novel discoveries in this brain region.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Prefrontal Cortex: cytology / Prefrontal Cortex:
                      diagnostic imaging / Prefrontal Cortex: physiology /
                      Neurons: physiology / Neurons: cytology / Neurons:
                      metabolism / Mice / Neuroglia: cytology / Neuroglia:
                      physiology / Neuroglia: metabolism / Male / Microscopy,
                      Fluorescence, Multiphoton: methods / Mice, Inbred C57BL /
                      Dendritic Spines / Calcium: metabolism / Calcium (NLM
                      Chemicals)},
      cin          = {AG Fuhrmann / AG Bradke / AG Petzold / AG Tavosanis / LMF},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)1011004 / I:(DE-2719)1013002 /
                      I:(DE-2719)1013020 / I:(DE-2719)1013018 /
                      I:(DE-2719)1040180},
      pnm          = {352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352) / 351 - Brain Function
                      (POF4-351) / 353 - Clinical and Health Care Research
                      (POF4-353) / 899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-352 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-351 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-2719)LMF-20190308},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40410447},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12102176},
      doi          = {10.1038/s42003-025-08079-8},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/278921},
}