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000279457 1001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)9000634$$aLandstra, Elvire-Nadieh$$b0$$eFirst author
000279457 245__ $$aSex-specific relations of ceramides and white matter hyperintensities in the Rhineland study.
000279457 260__ $$a[London]$$bSpringer Nature$$c2025
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000279457 520__ $$aWomen have a higher white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden compared to men of a similar age, but the causes of this remain unclear. Ceramide (CER) levels differ between men and women and were previously linked to WMH, suggesting they could underlie these sex differences. Therefore, we associated twelve CERs, CER totals, six CER ratios, and a CER score reflecting the CERs most strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, with WMH load in 3,283 participants (30-95 years) of the community-based Rhineland Study. We assessed sex-specific relations between CERs and WMH by including an interaction term and performing sex-stratified analyses. We further investigated the influence of menopause by comparing relations in pre- and postmenopausal women of the same age. Multiple CERs, CER ratios, and the CER score were associated with increased WMH load, with most associations being significantly stronger in women than in men. We found no influence of menopausal status on the associations between CERs and WMH. Thus, we showed novel and strong associations of CERs, CER ratios and the CER score with WMH burden, especially in women. This study suggests that CERs may play an important role in the observed sex differences in WMH burden.
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000279457 650_7 $$2Other$$aBrain lipids
000279457 650_7 $$2Other$$aCeramides
000279457 650_7 $$2Other$$aEpidemiology
000279457 650_7 $$2Other$$aMenopause
000279457 650_7 $$2Other$$aSex differences
000279457 650_7 $$2Other$$aWhite matter hyperintensities
000279457 650_7 $$2NLM Chemicals$$aCeramides
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCeramides: metabolism
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFemale
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMale
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMiddle Aged
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aWhite Matter: metabolism
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aWhite Matter: diagnostic imaging
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aWhite Matter: pathology
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdult
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAged, 80 and over
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSex Factors
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMagnetic Resonance Imaging
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSex Characteristics
000279457 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMenopause
000279457 693__ $$0EXP:(DE-2719)Rhineland Study-20190321$$5EXP:(DE-2719)Rhineland Study-20190321$$eRhineland Study / Bonn$$x0
000279457 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2811856$$aLohner, Valerie$$b1$$eFirst author
000279457 7001_ $$0P:(DE-2719)2810403$$aBreteler, Monique M B$$b2$$eLast author
000279457 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2615211-3$$a10.1038/s41598-025-06911-z$$gVol. 15, no. 1, p. 23757$$n1$$p23757$$tScientific reports$$v15$$x2045-2322$$y2025
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