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@ARTICLE{Kabisch:285018,
      author       = {Kabisch, Stefan and Montagna, Federico and Honsek, Caroline
                      and Kemper, Margrit and Gerbracht, Christiana and Arafat,
                      Ayman M and Birkenfeld, Andreas L and Dambeck, Ulrike and
                      Osterhoff, Martin A and Weickert, Martin O and Flöel, Agnes
                      and Pfeiffer, Andreas F H},
      title        = {{E}ffects of lifestyle intervention and supplementation
                      with insoluble oat fiber on cognitive functions in patients
                      with prediabetes: a secondary analysis of the {O}ptimal
                      {F}iber {T}rial.},
      journal      = {Frontiers in nutrition},
      volume       = {12},
      issn         = {2296-861X},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {DZNE-2026-00144},
      pages        = {1699958},
      year         = {2026},
      abstract     = {In cohort studies, intake of insoluble cereal fiber is
                      associated with multiple health benefits, including
                      preserved cognitive functions. However, evidence from
                      intervention studies is sparse. In the Optimal Fiber Trial
                      (OptiFiT), lifestyle changes and supplementation with oat
                      fiber in prediabetes patients improved glycemic metabolism
                      and body composition, which could be linked to cognitive
                      changes.In OptiFiT, 180 patients with impaired glucose
                      tolerance received either an insoluble fiber supplement or a
                      placebo for 2 years in a double-blind, randomized approach,
                      and underwent a parallel 1-year complex lifestyle
                      intervention program. Annual visits included metabolic,
                      anthropometric, and cognitive assessments: Mini-Mental State
                      Examination (MMSE), Verbal Learning Memory Test (VLMT),
                      Regensburg Word Fluency Test (RWFT), Number Connection Test
                      (NCT), Number Recall Test (NRT), and Rey-Osterrieth Complex
                      Figure Test (RCFT). Group-wise comparisons were conducted
                      both globally as well as stratified by age.Cognitive
                      functions only slightly improved-particularly in VLMT and
                      RWFT-without major differences by group or age. At baseline,
                      cognitive function measured by RCFT recall, VLMT, RWFT, and
                      backwards NRT was inversely correlated with age, but not
                      with HbA1c, fasting, or postprandial glucose
                      levels.Beneficial effects of insoluble fiber and lifestyle
                      intervention on glycemia might not translate into preserved
                      cognitive capabilities in middle-to-higher aged patients
                      with prediabetes in a 2-year intervention period. Long-term
                      intervention studies in patients with both cognitive
                      vulnerability and metabolic susceptibility are warranted.
                      Such large RCTs should also corroborate putatively involved
                      mechanisms in the epidemiologically assumed protection from
                      cognitive decline.Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier
                      NCT01681173.},
      keywords     = {cognition (Other) / diabetes prevention (Other) / impaired
                      glucose tolerance (Other) / insoluble fiber (Other) /
                      learning (Other) / memory (Other) / prediabetes (Other) /
                      type 2 diabetes (Other)},
      cin          = {AG Flöel},
      ddc          = {630},
      cid          = {I:(DE-2719)5000081},
      pnm          = {353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-353},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41624204},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12857309},
      doi          = {10.3389/fnut.2025.1699958},
      url          = {https://pub.dzne.de/record/285018},
}