Journal Article

DZNE-2020-06110

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Brain diffusion tensor imaging changes in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis reversed with treatment.

Catarino, C. B. ; Vollmar, C. ; Küpper, C.DZNE* ; Seelos, K. ; Gallenmüller, C. ; Bartkiewicz, J. ; Biskup, S. ; Hörtnagel, K. ; Klopstock, T. (Last author)DZNE*

2018
Springer73057 Berlin

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1007/s00415-017-8711-9

Abstract: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX, MIM 213700) is a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder caused by CYP27A1 mutations. Treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) may slow the progression of the disease and reverse some symptoms in a proportion of patients. In a non-consanguineous Caucasian family, two siblings with CTX were evaluated before treatment and prospectively followed-up every 6 months after starting CDCA therapy, using systematic clinical examination, neuropsychological tests, laboratory tests, electroencephalography (EEG) and brain MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography. A 30-year-old patient and her 27-year-old brother were referred for progressive spastic paraparesis. Both had epilepsy, learning difficulties, chronic diarrhoea and juvenile-onset cataracts. CTX was diagnosed by increased cholestanol levels and compound heterozygosity for CYP27A1 mutations. Therapy with CDCA led to resolution of chronic diarrhoea, normalisation of serum cholestanol and EEG, and a progressive improvement in gait, cognition and seizure control. Before treatment, conventional brain MRI showed no CTX-related abnormalities for the proband and no cerebellar abnormalities for the brother, while DTI showed reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and tract-density in the cerebellum and widespread cerebral reductions of FA in both patients, compared to a group of 35 healthy controls. Repeated DTI after starting therapy showed progressive increases of cerebellar tract density and of cerebral FA. In patients with CTX, therapy with CDCA may lead to significant clinical improvement, with normalisation of biochemical and electrophysiological biomarkers. DTI and tractography may detect changes when the conventional MRI is unremarkable and may provide potential neuroimaging biomarkers for monitoring treatment response in CTX, while the conventional MRI remains unchanged.

Keyword(s): Adult (MeSH) ; Anisotropy (MeSH) ; Brain: diagnostic imaging (MeSH) ; Brain: drug effects (MeSH) ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid: pharmacology (MeSH) ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid: therapeutic use (MeSH) ; Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase: genetics (MeSH) ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging (MeSH) ; Female (MeSH) ; Gastrointestinal Agents: pharmacology (MeSH) ; Gastrointestinal Agents: therapeutic use (MeSH) ; Humans (MeSH) ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted (MeSH) ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MeSH) ; Male (MeSH) ; Mutation: genetics (MeSH) ; Prospective Studies (MeSH) ; Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous: diagnostic imaging (MeSH) ; Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous: drug therapy (MeSH) ; Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous: genetics (MeSH) ; Gastrointestinal Agents ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid ; CYP27A1 protein, human ; Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Ext LMU Klinik (Ext LMU Klinik)
2. Clinical Neurodegeneration (AG Levin)

Research Program(s):

1. 344 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF3-344) (POF3-344)

Appears in the scientific report 2018

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Database coverage:
; BIOSIS Previews ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Life Sciences ; Ebsco Academic Search ; IF >= 5 ; JCR ; Nationallizenz ; SCOPUS ; Web of Science Core Collection

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