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| Home > Publications Database > Oligodendrocytes: Myelination, Plasticity, and Axonal Support. |
| Home > Publications Database > Oligodendrocytes: Myelination, Plasticity, and Axonal Support. |
| Journal Article (Review Article) | DZNE-2024-01187 |
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2024
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Cold Spring Harbor, NY
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a041359
Abstract: The myelination of axons has evolved to enable fast and efficient transduction of electrical signals in the vertebrate nervous system. Acting as an electric insulator, the myelin sheath is a multilamellar membrane structure around axonal segments generated by the spiral wrapping and subsequent compaction of oligodendroglial plasma membranes. These oligodendrocytes are metabolically active and remain functionally connected to the subjacent axon via cytoplasmic-rich myelinic channels for movement of metabolites and macromolecules to and from the internodal periaxonal space under the myelin sheath. Increasing evidence indicates that oligodendrocyte numbers, specifically in the forebrain, and myelin as a dynamic cellular compartment can both respond to physiological demands, collectively referred to as adaptive myelination. This review summarizes our current understanding of how myelin is generated, how its function is dynamically regulated, and how oligodendrocytes support the long-term integrity of myelinated axons.
Keyword(s): Axons: physiology (MeSH) ; Axons: metabolism (MeSH) ; Myelin Sheath: physiology (MeSH) ; Myelin Sheath: metabolism (MeSH) ; Oligodendroglia: physiology (MeSH) ; Oligodendroglia: metabolism (MeSH) ; Animals (MeSH) ; Humans (MeSH) ; Neuronal Plasticity: physiology (MeSH)
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