Journal Article

DZNE-2026-00410

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Multicentre validation of a patient-reported outcome measure for functional movement disorders.

Michaelis, R. ; Hagedorn, L. ; Weissbach, A. ; van Riesen, C.DZNE* ; Zeuner, K. E. ; Schmidt, T. ; Bolte, C. ; Bernsdorff, F. ; Löw, M. J. ; Gless, C. A. ; Reincke, A. ; Sykora, D. ; LaFaver, K. ; Lehn, A. C. ; Kleinschnitz, C. ; Seliger, C. ; Popkirov, S.

2026
BMJ Publishing Group London

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1136/jnnp-2025-337168

Abstract: No disorder-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) has yet been validated for functional movement disorders (FMDs), leaving a critical gap in clinical care and research.To validate the FMD questionnaire (FMDQ) in a prospectively recruited sample through a multicentre study.Confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) tested the assumed structure of the questionnaire with factors reflecting severity of motor symptoms, impairment of everyday activities, impact of non-motor symptoms and impairment of social functioning. Internal consistency and floor/ceiling effects were examined. The 36-item short form health survey (SF-36), patient health questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), the fatigue assessment scale (FAS) and a clinician-rated scale corresponding to motor symptom items of the FMDQ (FMDQ-CR) were used to test criterion and construct validity. The minimally clinically important difference (MCID) was assessed through distribution-based and anchor-based methods in a convenience sample of patients with follow-up assessments.Complete datasets from 157 patients were analysed; follow-up assessments were available from 30 patients. CFA confirmed that a four-factor model provides a better fit to the data compared with a more restrictive one-factor model. Internal consistency was appropriate for all factors/subscales. No floor or ceiling effects were detected. Criterion and content validity were supported by significant correlations with respective SF-36 subscores, PHQ-15, FAS and FMDQ-CR. Anchor-based MCID was estimated at 8 to 20 points, with the central value aligning with the distribution-based MCID of 12 points (8% of the total score range).The FMDQ is a psychometrically robust PROM, making it a useful tool for clinical practice and treatment trials.

Keyword(s): Humans (MeSH) ; Patient Reported Outcome Measures (MeSH) ; Male (MeSH) ; Female (MeSH) ; Middle Aged (MeSH) ; Movement Disorders: diagnosis (MeSH) ; Movement Disorders: psychology (MeSH) ; Movement Disorders: therapy (MeSH) ; Adult (MeSH) ; Aged (MeSH) ; Reproducibility of Results (MeSH) ; Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MeSH) ; Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH) ; Prospective Studies (MeSH) ; Psychometrics (MeSH) ; Factor Analysis, Statistical (MeSH) ; Activities of Daily Living (MeSH) ; FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER ; Patient Outcome Assessment ; QUALITY OF LIFE

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases (AG Fischer)

Research Program(s):

1. 352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352) (POF4-352)

Appears in the scientific report 2026

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Database coverage:
; ; ; BIOSIS Previews ; Biological Abstracts ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Clinical Medicine ; Current Contents - Life Sciences ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 10 ; JCR ; National-Konsortium ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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