Journal Article DZNE-2026-00982

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All-optical closed-loop control of human cardiomyocyte networks exploiting holographic optogenetics.

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2026
Nature Publishing Group UK [London]

Communications engineering 5(1), 159 () [10.1038/s44172-026-00779-1]

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Abstract: Heart diseases can trigger life-threatening arrhythmias by disrupting cardiac contraction wavefront propagation. In contrast to conventional treatments like electrical pacemakers, optogenetics offers high spatial and temporal resolution for non-invasive interrogation and modulation of cellular activity. However, combining sensing and actuation into a real-time control loop remains challenging. A major obstacle is the data load associated with dense sensor arrays typically required for spatially resolved wavefront monitoring. To overcome this, we present an all-optical, closed-loop control strategy using adaptive holographic stimulation and sparsely sampled, label-free imaging data, enabling robust classification and quantitative characterization of spatial wavefront properties in real time. We successfully demonstrate spatiotemporal optogenetic closed-loop control of wavefront dynamics in functional syncytia of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in at least 107 out of 109 evaluated cases across all experiments. This framework establishes a foundation for advanced feedback control strategies aimed at mimicking, detecting and terminating abnormal propagation patterns.


Contributing Institute(s):
  1. Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases (AG Fischer)
Research Program(s):
  1. 352 - Disease Mechanisms (POF4-352) (POF4-352)

Appears in the scientific report 2026
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Medline ; Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 ; DOAJ ; OpenAccess ; Article Processing Charges ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; DOAJ Seal ; Emerging Sources Citation Index ; Fees ; PubMed Central ; SCOPUS ; Web of Science Core Collection
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 Record created 2026-09-21, last modified 2026-09-21


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