Journal Article (Review Article)

DZNE-2025-01144

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png The Neuropsychiatric Checklist for Autoimmune Psychosis: A Narrative Review.

Tebartz van Elst, L. ; Runge, K. ; Meyer, P. T. ; Urbach, H. ; Venhoff, N. ; Prüss, H. (Last author)DZNE*

2025
Elsevier Science Amsterdam [u.a.]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.02.889

Abstract: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a rapidly evolving topic in both neurology and psychiatry. A recent international consensus article defined criteria for possible, probable, and definite autoimmune psychosis (AP) inspired by the principles established in neurology for the definition of AE. This has stimulated much clinical research on AP but also criticism of the validity of the criteria for possible AP, justifying additional clinical investigations such as lumbar puncture. In clinical practice, it is often difficult to decide how far diagnostic procedures such as lumbar punctures and immunotherapies should go in unclear cases. Against this background, we have 3 aims in this review. First, we summarize and compare the available concepts for the diagnosis of AP in a systematic literature review. Second, we present an overview of typical specific and nonspecific findings that can be obtained in laboratory, electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid, and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography studies in the context of AP. Thirdly, we summarize these findings and present the Neuropsychiatric Checklist for Autoimmune Psychosis as a tool for clinical assessment of the likelihood of AP, with reference to the typical red-flag symptoms and the specific and many unspecific findings that can be identified in additional investigations. We suggest that this instrument may be a useful tool for a comprehensive, possibly uniform, and standardized case assessment in the context of possible AP.

Keyword(s): Humans (MeSH) ; Psychotic Disorders: diagnosis (MeSH) ; Psychotic Disorders: immunology (MeSH) ; Checklist (MeSH) ; Encephalitis: diagnosis (MeSH) ; Autoimmune Diseases: diagnosis (MeSH) ; Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System: diagnosis (MeSH) ; Hashimoto Disease: diagnosis (MeSH) ; Autoantibody ; Autoimmune psychiatric symptoms ; Autoimmune psychosis ; Diagnostics ; Schizophrenia ; Therapy

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Autoimmune Encephalopathies (AG Prüß)

Research Program(s):

1. 353 - Clinical and Health Care Research (POF4-353) (POF4-353)

Appears in the scientific report 2025

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Database coverage:
; ; ; BIOSIS Previews ; Biological Abstracts ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Life Sciences ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 10 ; JCR ; Nationallizenz ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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